Sunscreen stops kids getting enough vitamin D

What the research found

Royal Children's Hospital guidance says sunscreens do not result in low vitamin D with normal use. It says sunlight supplies more than 90% of our vitamin D, and the main risks are dark skin, covering clothing, little time outdoors and winter in southern areas.

Experimental studies show sunscreen reduces vitamin D production in the skin. Whether that happens in real life has been uncertain. A year-long Australian randomised trial in 2025 tested daily SPF 50+ sunscreen in adults aged 18 to 70. It did not include children.

Victorian health guidance says that in summer most people need only a few minutes outside on most days to make enough vitamin D. It says sensible sun protection should not put people at risk of deficiency. A 2010 systematic review also found brief UV exposure is usually enough for the body to make vitamin D.

What it doesn’t mean

• This does not mean sun exposure should be extended to boost vitamin D. Extra time in the sun does not raise levels further, but it does raise skin cancer risk.
• Some children really are at higher risk of low vitamin D, including those with very dark skin, those who cover up or stay indoors, and some breastfed babies. In winter, UV levels in southern areas can be too low to make enough vitamin D.
• Talk to your GP or child health nurse if your child has bone or muscle pain, or if you think they are at risk. Ask before starting vitamin D supplements, as too much can cause problems.