Raw milk is healthier for kids than pasteurised milk

What the research found

A US paediatric policy statement (2014) found the claimed benefits of raw milk have not been clearly shown in evidence-based studies. It concluded that pasteurised milk gives equivalent health benefits without the added risk of bacterial infection. A 2015 review found claims about better nutrition, preventing lactose intolerance or providing 'good' bacteria have no scientific basis. Australian guidance says there is no substantiated evidence of a significant nutritional difference.

Raw milk carries real risks. A 2024 meta-analysis found Listeria in 3.44% of raw milk samples compared with 0.60% of pasteurised samples. A 2022 systematic review of outbreaks in Canada and the US found 20 outbreaks linked to unpasteurised products, with 449 confirmed illnesses, 124 hospitalisations and five deaths. Australian guidance warns that young children face greater risk of serious illness.

Some research shows children raised on farms have lower rates of allergy and asthma. The 2015 review notes many environmental factors may be involved and there is no direct evidence that drinking raw milk is the protective factor. Pasteurised products were also linked to outbreaks, mostly Listeria, but this does not make raw milk healthier.

What it doesn’t mean

• This does not mean milk itself is a problem. Pasteurised milk is a good source of calcium and other nutrients for children.
• Raw milk risks are higher for young children, pregnant women, older people and those with weakened immune systems. Raw cow's milk cannot legally be sold for human consumption in Australia, and 'bath' or 'cosmetic' milk is not safe to drink.
• If your child has diarrhoea, vomiting or fever after drinking raw milk, see a GP promptly. Talk to a GP or child health nurse if you have questions about milk, allergies or your child's diet.